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The rising and disunity of the Northern Nigeria
The rising and disunity of the Northern Trade is the key to the emergence of organized communities in the sahelian portions of Nigeria. Prehistoric inhabitants adjusting to the encroaching desert were widely scattered by the third millennium BC, when the desiccation of the Sahara began. Trans-Saharan trade routes linked the western Sudan with the Mediterranean since the time of Carthage and with the Upper Nile from a much earlier date, establishing avenues of communication and cultural influence that remained open until the end of the 19th century. By these same routes, Islam made its way south into West Africa after the 9th century AD.By then a string of dynastic states, including the earliest Hausa states, stretched across western and central Sudan. The most powerful of these states were Ghana, Gao, and Kanem, which were not within the boundaries of modern Nigeria but which influenced the history of the Nigerian savanna. Ghana declined in the 11th century but was succeeded by the Mali Empire which consolidated much of western Sudan in the 13th century.Following the breakup of Mali a local leader named Sonni Ali (1464–1492) founded the Songhai Empire in the region of middle Niger and the western Sudan and took control of the trans-Saharan trade. Sonni Ali seized Timbuktu in 1468 and Djenné in 1473, building his regime on trade revenues and the cooperation of Muslim merchants. His successor Askia Muhammad Ture (1493–1528) made Islam the official religion, built mosques, and brought Muslim scholars, including al-Maghili (d.1504), the founder of an important tradition of Sudanic African Muslim scholarship, to Gao.[15]Although these western empires had little political influence on the Nigerian savanna before 1500 they had a strong cultural and economic impact that became more pronounced in the 16th century, especially because these states became associated with the spread of Islam and trade. Throughout the 16th century much of northern Nigeria paid homage to Songhai in the west or to Borno, a rival empire in the east.
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Showing posts from January 12, 2014

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If elections were free and fair, I would be president by now – Chris Okotie

January 18, 2014

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Naira appreciates against some foreign currencies

January 17, 2014

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2013 Batch ‘A’ Winding-up/Passing-out Approved Programme of activities

January 17, 2014

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Northern Elders Condemn FG Relocation Of Heavy Weapons To South

January 17, 2014

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Jobs:Program Coordinator STS

January 17, 2014

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Onitsha Crises: ANSTA Staff killed

January 16, 2014

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Full text of Okonjo-Iweala’s response to House Finance Committee’s 50 questions

January 16, 2014

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‘Nollywood Is Dead’ – Emeka Ike Declares

January 16, 2014

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MTN Denies Increasing Price Of Recharge Cards

January 16, 2014

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onathan Fires Nigeria’s Army Chiefs

January 16, 2014

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Obama to Place Some Restraints on Surveillance

January 15, 2014

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U.S. Pledges $380 Million in Relief Aid for Syria By MICHAEL R. GORDON January 15, 2014

January 15, 2014

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Google house: Tech giant spends billions to get inside your home

January 15, 2014

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WTO General Council reappoints Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala as Director-General for a second term @NOIweala dlvr.it/TGT8QZ

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