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The rising and disunity of the Northern Nigeria
The rising and disunity of the Northern Trade is the key to the emergence of organized communities in the sahelian portions of Nigeria. Prehistoric inhabitants adjusting to the encroaching desert were widely scattered by the third millennium BC, when the desiccation of the Sahara began. Trans-Saharan trade routes linked the western Sudan with the Mediterranean since the time of Carthage and with the Upper Nile from a much earlier date, establishing avenues of communication and cultural influence that remained open until the end of the 19th century. By these same routes, Islam made its way south into West Africa after the 9th century AD.By then a string of dynastic states, including the earliest Hausa states, stretched across western and central Sudan. The most powerful of these states were Ghana, Gao, and Kanem, which were not within the boundaries of modern Nigeria but which influenced the history of the Nigerian savanna. Ghana declined in the 11th century but was succeeded by the Mali Empire which consolidated much of western Sudan in the 13th century.Following the breakup of Mali a local leader named Sonni Ali (1464–1492) founded the Songhai Empire in the region of middle Niger and the western Sudan and took control of the trans-Saharan trade. Sonni Ali seized Timbuktu in 1468 and Djenné in 1473, building his regime on trade revenues and the cooperation of Muslim merchants. His successor Askia Muhammad Ture (1493–1528) made Islam the official religion, built mosques, and brought Muslim scholars, including al-Maghili (d.1504), the founder of an important tradition of Sudanic African Muslim scholarship, to Gao.[15]Although these western empires had little political influence on the Nigerian savanna before 1500 they had a strong cultural and economic impact that became more pronounced in the 16th century, especially because these states became associated with the spread of Islam and trade. Throughout the 16th century much of northern Nigeria paid homage to Songhai in the west or to Borno, a rival empire in the east.
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Showing posts from February 2, 2014

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February 08, 2014

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Bianca Ojukwu becomes APGA national leader

February 08, 2014

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SHOCKING: Popular Transport Driver Jumped From Three Storey-Building To His Death

February 06, 2014

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DMX wants to see money first.

February 06, 2014

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Nomuzi and Lynxxx need a date!

February 06, 2014

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Flavour visits his alma mater.

February 04, 2014

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REHAB WON’T HELP BREEZY CASE CHRIS BROWN TALKS LOSING VIRGINITY YOUNG BREEZY TEAMS UP WITH KENDRICK CHRIS BROWN & DRAKE WIN LAWSUIT SOCCER STARS CATCH “AZONTO” FEVER BREEZY TO TAKE DOWN GRAFFITI CHRIS BROWN DROPS “FINE CHINA” CHRIS BROWN MAKES ANNOUNCEMENT RIHANNA SUPPORTS BREEZY Sort by: Show: All Comments | User Activity Bid to have Chris Brown jailed!

February 04, 2014

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Behind the scenes of “Rainbow” remix.

February 04, 2014

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Davido releases “Aye”.

February 04, 2014

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Beyonce & Jay Z make out during latest 'Drunk In Love' performance

February 03, 2014

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» Innoson Motors Plans N1 Million Car For Nigerian Market

February 03, 2014

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House Of Reps Summons Okonjo-Iweala To Clarify 50 Questions Answered

February 03, 2014

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Massive Defection From APC To PDP In Nasarawa State

February 02, 2014

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Photos: 2face, Blackface and Faze re-unite on stage

February 02, 2014

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Randy DELSU Lecturer Allegedly Caught In The Act, stri*ped Of Clothes

February 02, 2014

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Fashola To Jonathan: ‘You Will Hand Over Whether You Like It Or Not

February 02, 2014

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APC Leaders Divided Over Oshiomhole

February 02, 2014

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